Metaheuristic approaches for the vehicle routing problem with time windows and multiple deliverymen

نویسندگان

  • Aldair Álvarez
  • Pedro Munari
چکیده

Resumo: Neste trabalho, aborda-se o problema de roteamento de veículos com janelas de tempo e múltiplos entregadores, uma variante do problema de roteamento de veículos que, além das decisões de programação e roteamento dos veículos, envolve a determinação do tamanho da tripulação de cada veículo de entrega. Esse problema surge na distribuição de bens em centros urbanos congestionados em que, devido aos tempos de serviço relativamente longos, pode ser difícil atender todos os clientes durante o horário de trabalho permitido. Diante dessa dificuldade, uma alternativa consiste em incluir a designação de entregadores adicionais para reduzir os tempos de serviço, o que gera custos adicionais aos custos tradicionais de deslocamento e utilização de veículos. Dessa forma, o objetivo é definir rotas para atender grupos de clientes, minimizando o número de veículos usados, o número de entregadores designados e a distância total percorrida. Para tratar o problema são propostas duas abordagens metaheurísticas baseadas em Busca Local Iterada e Busca em Vizinhança Grande. O desempenho das abordagens propostas é testado utilizando conjuntos de instâncias disponíveis na literatura. Palavras-chave: Roteamento de veículos; Múltiplos entregadores; Busca Local Iterada; Busca em Vizinhança Grande. Abstract: This paper addresses the vehicle routing problem with time windows and multiple deliverymen, a variant of the vehicle routing problem which includes the decision of the crew size of each delivery vehicle, besides the usual scheduling and routing decisions. This problem arises in the distribution of goods in congested urban areas where, due to the relatively long service times, it may be difficult to serve all customers within regular working hours. Given this difficulty, an alternative consists in resorting to additional deliverymen to reduce the service times, which typically leads to extra costs in addition to travel and vehicle usage costs. The objective is to define routes for serving clusters of customers, while minimizing the number of routes, the total number of assigned deliverymen, and the distance traveled. Two metaheuristic approaches based on Iterated Local Search and Large Neighborhood Search are proposed to solve this problem. The performance of the approaches is evaluated using sets of instances from the literature.

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تاریخ انتشار 2016